Opinion: The PFAS Alternatives Act is a path toward safer firefighting

The hidden danger in firefighting gear

PFAS are a large family of synthetic chemicals celebrated for their water and heat resistance, which is why they became a staple in a myriad of consumer products like nonstick cookware and food packaging. They were also heralded as a breakthrough innovation in firefighting as they were used in turnout gear (the personal protective equipment worn by firefighters) and in the aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) used for suppressing fuel-based fires. But science has revealed a darker truth: PFAS do not break down naturally. Instead, they accumulate in the environment and, most alarmingly, in human tissues.

Mounting evidence has linked PFAS exposure to numerous medical conditions including various types of cancer, liver and kidney damage, immune system disorders, and developmental delays in children.

Such findings prompted the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency to warn the public that there is no safe level of consumption for these chemicals, which means minimal contact could also lead to detrimental health repercussions. The situation is even more concerning for firefighters as they rely heavily on contaminated firefighting equipment when responding to emergencies. Recent studies found that these individuals have higher PFAS levels in their blood serum, putting them at a greater risk of developing cancer compared to the general population. Without swift and meaningful intervention, first responders will remain compelled to wear toxic turnout gear — jeopardizing their health in the course of fulfilling their duty.

New legislation as a roadmap for safer firefighting

The PFAS Alternatives Act offers a critical opportunity to protect our firefighters and address the risks posed by harmful chemicals in their protective gear. Introduced on July 20, 2023, by U.S. Congressman Brian Fitzpatrick and other representatives, the legislation allocates $25 million annually from fiscal years 2024 to 2028 to phase out “forever chemicals” in protective gear by funding the development of safer and non-toxic alternatives. This budget not only supports critical research but also helps equip firefighters with the most effective gear to safeguard their health.

In addition, the act provides $2 million in yearly funding during the same period to establish comprehensive training programs for firefighters. Such an initiative will teach first responders how to handle their toxic turnout gear so that they can minimize PFAS exposure until safer substitutes become available. It likewise mandates the U.S. Fire Administration to give an update on the law's progress two years after its enactment to ensure accountability and transparency in the implementation of these life-saving measures.

Supporting the PFAS Alternatives Act is a direct investment in the health and safety of firefighters without compromising their ability to serve their communities.

The bill is not just about pushing for research and development — it guarantees that first responders are equipped with the tools and knowledge to protect themselves until the transition to PFAS-free alternatives is complete. Now is the time to ensure our firefighters receive the protection they deserve — not only in the line of duty but in their everyday lives as well.

To date, no further action has been taken since the PFAS Alternatives Act was referred to the Subcommittee on Economic Development, Public Buildings, and Emergency Management on July 20, 2023. While earlier steps have placed the bill on the right track, it remains stalled and is awaiting consideration by the committee.

With national momentum building around PFAS reform, it is time to press forward. Citizens can help by reaching out to their congressional representatives and urging them to support the act. Raising public awareness and encouraging lawmakers to prioritize firefighter safety is essential to ensuring this bill gets the attention and the votes it needs.